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Canon RF 100-400mm F5.6-8 IS USM Review

Dustin Abbott

April 18th, 2022

I recently finished up my review of the L (luxury) series Canon RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L IS – a lens that is thoroughly premium in both performance and price (retailing for about $2900 USD!).  That price point is a prohibitively high bar for many photographers, however.  Fortunately Canon has already created a much less expensive alternative in the form of the Canon RF 100-400mm F5.6-8 IS USM.  This lens retails at a much more palatable $650 USD, and while it is short on features relative to its big brother and has some real limitations, it is surprisingly competent alternative with a few advantages of its own.  The RF 100-400 IS (as we’ll call it for brevity in this review) is compact, has good autofocus, and has quite strong image quality while covering a very important telephoto zoom range that spans from 100mm:

to an impressive 400mm:

There’s a lot of subjects you can fit into a focal range like that, and the weight of only 635g means that you will be able to bring along the lens on your treks even if you aren’t a photography Hercules.

There are some unique strengths of the RF 100-400 IS even relative to its much more expensive big brother.  These include:

  • Much lower price
  • Much smaller and lighter (700g lighter!)
  • Higher magnification level (0.41x vs 0.33x)
  • Fuller compatibility with 1.4x/2x extenders
  • Slightly higher stabilization rating (5.5 stops vs 5 stops)

That’s not to say that the L-series is outclassed in some way, as it has a long list of its own strengths, including:

  • Bigger zoom ratio (5x vs 4x)
  • Faster maximum aperture throughout zoom range
  • Weather sealing and pro grade build
  • Dual Nano-USM motors vs 1 Nano-USM
  • More stabilizer modes
  • Focus limiter
  • Tripod collar
  • Friction ring 
  • Included lens hood and case
  • Much stronger image quality

I don’t think that anyone is going to argue that the consumer grade lens is a better lens than the professional lens, but I do think that those who have a tight budget can be reassured that they are actually getting a very nice lens even if you could buy 4!!! of the RF 100-400 IS lenses and still pocket $300 for the price of the L-series lens!  And as a consolation, you can still get images like this!

Our goal here is to give a comprehensive review of the strengths and weaknesses of this lens, but I think that it is important to acknowledge that this the kind of lens of that Canon has desperately needed – less expensive alternatives to their premium offerings.  There have been more Canon RF lenses costing more than $2000 than those in the under $1000 range.  Lenses like the RF 100-400 IS help to fill out the catalog with lenses that average photographers can actually afford…and that’s important.  To help you determine if this is a lens for you, check out my video review below…or just keep reading.

 

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Thanks to Camera Canada for getting me a loaner of the RF 100-400 IS.  If you’re in Canada, check them out for a reliable online retailer. *The tests and the photos shown in this review have been taken on my 45 MP Canon EOS R5.

Canon RF 100-400 IS Build and Handling

I have to confess to a certain degree of frustration every time I review a non-L series lens from Canon.  Canon persists in the pettiest forms of “nickel and diming” with their consumer grade lenses.  The packaging of the lenses is often a bubble-wrapped lens inside a box and they never include a lens hood.  The ET-74B lens hood will set you back an additional $45, despite the fact that almost every other lens maker includes a lens hood no matter how inexpensive the lens.  I’ve reviewed $100 lenses with nice lens hoods included.  I’d recommend checking out this Vello lens hood alternative that retails for only $15, as I hate to reward this kind of pettiness. As things stand, this is what you get – a lens with front and rear caps…and that’s it.

Weather sealing isn’t even on the table with non-L lenses, despite the reality that weather sealing is available in many less expensive lenses.  While I can appreciate Canon’s desire to create market separation between its premium and consumer grades lenses, the market has shifted on both lens hoods and (to a lesser degree) weather sealing.

Now that I’ve vented, let’s take a look at what IS here.  The biggest thing here is how small the lens is.  When I unwrapped the package I found a lens that is more like a 70-300mm lens in size than a 100-400mm lens.  The lens is only 79.5mm in diameter and right under 165mm in length.  As noted, the weight is only 635g compared to the 1365g of the 100-500L, and that lens had shaved several hundred grams off the Canon EF 100-400mm F4.5-5.6L IS II.  Even the Canon EF 70-300mm F4.5-5.6 IS II weighed in at 710g, so that shows you just how svelte the new RF 100-400 IS really is.  If you really want to see an extreme, look what happens when I put it next to my Sony 200-600mm G OSS lens:

Canon achieves this size and weight package primarily by giving this lens a smaller maximum aperture throughout the zoom range than competing lenses.  The EF 100-400L II that I referenced began at F4.5 at 100mm and was F5.6 at its smallest maximum aperture (beginning at 312mm).  The RF 100-400 IS starts at F5.6 as its largest aperture and quickly closes down to smaller apertures as you zoom through the range.

  • 100-122mm = F5.6
  • 123-155mm = F6.3
  • 156-258mm = F7.1
  • 259-400mm = F8

This is not a “bright” lens.  As noted, I own the Sony 200-600mm F5-6.3 G lens, and that lens still has a maximum aperture of F6.3 at 600mm; you lose that amount of brightness on the Canon RF 100-400 IS at only 156mm!  Compromising on the maximum aperture allowed Canon to engineer a smaller, lighter lens while not compromising too much on the image quality.  This is probably a tradeoff that many are willing to accept.  What it means, though, is that you are going to need to use the lens in reasonable lighting conditions.  F8 requires twice as much light as F5.6, so you’ve got to get that extra light gathering either through the lighting conditions of your scene or through boosting ISO.  Many of your telephoto subjects (like birds) are going to need fast shutter speeds to freeze their action (typically 1/500th of a second is the minimum you want).  That means that in lighting conditions where an F5.6 lens would require ISO 800, this lens will require ISO 1600, or where the F5.6 lens needed ISO 1600, the F8 lens will need ISO 3200, etc…  Bottom line:  think of this as a daylight lens, not a dusk or dark kind of lens.  The only real compensation here is that modern cameras are increasingly good at higher ISO values, though, let’s not kid ourselves – you’re going to end up using this lens at higher ISO values than what you would prefer at times, and there will be some hit to the image quality as a byproduct.

I also noted when out hiking with the lens that I came home to much more images impacted by motion blur than what I expected.  Forest light can vary, as can the exposure relative to the subject.  I was shooting in AV mode, and, since I was shooting stationary subjects for the most part, I had set my ISO at 800, thinking that would be plenty.  And, with shots like this one (1/100th of a second at 335mm), I would think that it should have been enough, but I found a fair percentage (at least 25%) of my images affected by motion blur.

The bottom line was that though I am a very experienced photographer, thinking with F8 as my minimum aperture is new to me.  I probably should have been shooting at ISO 1600 instead…but that was odd considering I was shooting at ISO 100 with my second camera (Sony Alpha 1 with the Sony FE 35mm F1.4 GM attached).  A word to the wise – if you’re out hiking with the lens, it might be better to use Manual mode, set your desired (safe) shutter and aperture, and then use auto ISO to ensure you get enough exposure to eliminate motion blur.

There’s a secondary factor to consider here.  A lens with a small maximum aperture doesn’t leave much room to stop it down further (to increase sharpness or depth of field) before diffraction starts to become a problem.  Diffraction is when rays of light enter through a small opening (like a small aperture opening) and the rays of light become bent or deflected.  This results in less sharpness and contrast, and typically the smaller the aperture the greater chance that image quality will be negatively impacted by diffraction.  It’s also worth noting that higher resolution bodies show the effects of diffraction at an increased rate, so a higher resolution body (45MP) like my Canon EOS R5 test camera (and its ability to resolve finer details) is going to show that blurring more at, say F11, than the EOS R6 and its 20MP of resolution.  My point is that traditionally you can stop a lens down one or two stops to improve image quality (I often find that lenses perform best across the frame at about two stops smaller than their maximum aperture), but starting at F8 really limits your potential for doing that.

The IS system is rated at 5.5 stops (one half stop better than the 100-500L).  If you have a body with IBIS (like my R5), the combined system will achieve a rated 6 stops at 400mm.   This is the best of seven attempts at 1/6th second shutter speed, showing that you can potentially get the full six stops of stabilization…but probably not with any kind of reliability.

The other six shots show varying effects of camera shake/motion blur.  Ironically the lighter weight of the lens makes it a little harder to handhold…which may have accounted for some of my motion blur out in the forest.  

But I also found that there were some images where I thought that IS should have saved an image but didn’t.  We’ll call the performance somewhat inconsistent.

That leads us to an aspect of this lens design that I frankly found surprising.  The bigger RF 100-500L is a bit disappointing in its compatibility with Canon’s RF 1.4x and 2x extenders, as they will only physically mount from 300-500mm, meaning that you can’t travel with the zoom retracted and the extender in place.  This was a concession to making the lens more compact.  With that in mind, I didn’t anticipate any kind of compatibility with extenders for the RF 100-400 IS.  I was wrong!  The lens is fully compatible with both extenders, with sufficient room at the rear of the lens to mount them even with the lens fully retracted.  That’s great, though that aperture is going to be a factor.  Add the 1.4x extender, and your maximum aperture at 560mm is F11, and the 2x extender will result in a maximum aperture of F16 at 800mm.  My rule of thumb with most lenses is that introducing a 2x extender involves more compromises to the optical performance than I’m comfortable with (which I believe is true here), and while autofocus does work at an aperture of F16 (cameras like the R5, R6, and R3 can focus at F22), autofocus is going to be compromised in many lighting conditions and you will have a smaller autofocus zone available to you.  If you want 800mm of reach and have a tight budget, you would probably be better served with the unique Canon RF 800mm F11 IS lens, which I reviewed here.  It will give you better image quality and a better autofocus experience.  It’s certainly a positive to have extender compatibility in a budget lens like this, though, and is rare in my extended Canon experience.

 

The outer shell is made of Canon’s typical engineered plastics, and feels durable, resistant to marking or scratching.  The matte finish is also resistant to finger prints, so I find that the look of the lens stays consistent (it doesn’t look one way when cleaned and unused and another if you actually take it out of the box and use it!)

There are two switches on the left hand side of the barrel, including an AF/MF switch and a simple ON/OFF button for the IS.  Canon states that the IS system will automatically switch to a panning-type stabilization when a panning motion is detected.  You can see in this shot of a loon in rapid flight (a crop from a burst of 70+ images) that panning stabilization seems to have worked properly.

There are three rings on the lens, starting with the zoom ring, which is wide, ribbed, and has a nice bevel in it that is ergonomically pleasing and makes it easy to find by touch.  The zoom action is nicely damped, and I found the amount of throw easily manageable for quick focal length changes.  The length of the lens grows by about 77mm with the lens fully zoomed to 400mm.

There is a zoom lock on the right side of the barrel that will only lock at the 100mm position.  This will help to prevent zoom creep, though I have found that the quality damping on the zoom ring has prevented most casual creeping while hiking with the lens.

The middle ring is the manual focus ring, which is nicely damped and has reasonably good focus feel.  It works best for fine tuning focus as opposed to quick, major focus changes.  You have to make more than three full rotations to go from minimum focus to infinity, but the focus throw is great for fine tuning focus and has good weight for those types of adjustments.

Near the front of the lens barrel is the unique control ring that Canon RF lenses have.  The control ring can be programmed to several different functions in the camera body.  Popular applications are for aperture control and exposure compensation.  The control ring has the typical diamond pattern texture that sets it apart from the tighter ribs of the manual focus ring and wider, deeper ribs of the zoom ring, so each ring has a unique texture to set it apart by feel.  

Up front we have filter threads in the very common 67mm size.  

Inside we have a 9 bladed aperture iris that serves to help maintain a circular shape with the lens stopped down.  The RF 100-400 IS shows fairly good geometry in the bokeh.

Minimum focus distance is 88cm, and the resulting magnification is an impressive 0.41x, a figure which I think is class-leading.  Here’s what that looks like:

What’s interesting is that I found the RF 100-500L to be significantly improved over the EF 100-400L II in terms of focus breathing (where the focal length behaves shorter at close focus distances), but clearly the 100-400 IS is better still.  It achieves the 0.41x at 88cm and 400mm, while the RF 100-500L achieves a 0.33x magnification at 90cm…and at 500mm.  The great news is that at close focus distances even a lens with a maximum aperture of F8 can obliterate backgrounds.

My typical criticisms of Canon’s cost cutting measures aside, I think Canon has delivered an interesting package here.  This is a truly lightweight, compact lens for this focal range, and, while there are certainly drawbacks to the slower maximum aperture, in good light the lens is mostly a joy to use.

Canon RF 100-400mm F5.6-F8 IS Autofocus

The Canon RF 100-400mm IS utilizes Canon’s Nano-USM focus motors to help achieve fast, quiet autofocus.  This is incredibly important in a lens designed for telephoto use, as many of the subjects that people want to use such a lens for (birds, for example) are fast moving.  Nano USM remains my favorite of Canon’s current focus motors, and I’m really glad to see it employed here on a lens where focus speed is going to be important.

If you are new to the genre, there are a few tips worthy of consideration.  The first and most important will be shutter speed.  If you are tracking birds, for example, you’ll want to keep that shutter speed up near 1/500th second or faster.  Going underneath that threshold will result in motion blur in some shots.  That will often mean moving up to higher ISO values to achieve that.  You’ll probably also want to set Eye AF to animal priority, though I do find Canon more forgiving than Sony in this regard.  Sony is fairly rigid, and I’ve had a few videos where I mistakenly left Eye AF in Animal mode and had a video with the wrong focus for the whole segment even though I was the obviously primary subject in the frame.

The RF 100-400 IS didn’t feel significantly different in the field than the premium 100-500L, though that lens employs due Nano-USM motors to give it optimal speed.  The elements are smaller and lighter in the 100-400, though, so the single motor seems plenty fast.  Due to the season, I struggled to find birds that I could reliably get close to for BIF work.  There is melting ice near the shoreline that prevented me from getting close, as most of the birds are further out near the open water.  Geese have returned, but they are mostly keeping their distance because they are nesting and getting ready for their young.  I saw enough to convince me that this would be a capable lens for tracking birds in flight and staying focused during erratic movement even during sustained 20 FPS bursts on my Canon EOS R5.   

Eye AF seemed to work fine, with good and reliable detection and tracking of eyes, either human, animal, or bird.

Focus speed was generally excellent, and I actually felt like it might have been a bit quicker in making major focus changes than the RF 100-500L.  Even big changes were near instantaneous.  To get this shot, for example, I had to react very quickly, as I and the chipmunk arrived on the scene at pretty much the same time, and I only had a few seconds to grab the shot before my presence scared him away.  Focus grabbed immediately on his eye, though, and focus results were impeccable.  

You can even see that Eye AF worked perfectly even though Ferrari was turned away from me and his eye was hooded by his brow.  Focus still detected properly and delivered a well focused result:

I heard little focus noise during standard use, and I didn’t feel there is enough noise to be picked up by the on board mics in video applications.

Nano USM allows the lens to be competitive in terms of focus speed and noise.  The disadvantage here is the smaller aperture of the lens, so expect some focus speed slowdown in poorer light.  The improved autofocus systems in the modern mirrorless cameras will help with this, though, so the lens will remain usable in more situations than we would have expected in the past.  It is important to keep your expectations realistic, however:  this lens isn’t going to focus like the RF 400mm F2.8L IS at dusk; there’s a reason why pros will pay $12,000 for a lens like that!

Canon RF 100-400 IS Image Quality

It would unreasonable to expect the RF 100-400 IS to perform at the level of the L series lens (and it doesn’t), but in many ways the RF 100-400 IS delivers quite a strong performance (particularly in the center of the frame), and, even at its weakest point (400mm), it can deliver extremely sharp results under the right conditions.

That looks pretty great!

One of the things I praised about the RF 100-500L was how consistent it was across the zoom range.  There was very little rise and fall in sharpness at different focal lengths, and I also found that it delivered very close to peak performance at maximum aperture.  The RF 100-400 IS is a little more inconsistent.  There are strong points and weaker points in the zoom range, and there is almost always some improvement to be found when stopping down a bit (though usually only a stop, as often by two stops you are getting some negative impact from diffraction that defeats whatever optical gains might otherwise exist.

So let’s break it down.  You can get an even deeper dive by watching the image quality section of the video review.

First, a look at vignette and distortion.    This is a lens that has some pincushion distortion through the zoom range and increasing vignette, though neither is a significant problem.  Here’s 100mm:

There is some apparent pincushion distortion (-7 to correct for it) and barely a stop of vignette in the corners (+32 to correct).  This is probably about the  best I’ve seen from an RF lens for vignette. 

At 400mm the distortion slightly diminishes and the vignette slightly increases.

Pincushion distortion reduces (+5 to correct), and while the vignette is up, it’s still only a +46 to correct for it. The Canon correction profiles clear everything up nicely, so you probably won’t have to manually correct like I have for demonstration purposes.

I was likewise happy with what I saw for chromatic aberration control.  In real world images I didn’t see much of an issue with fringing though I did see a very slight “blooming” effect in high contrast transition areas, like the white of the seagulls here.

I looked for lateral chromatic aberrations along the edge of the frame in this shot and didn’t really see anything worth mentioning.

All good!

So how about resolution and contrast?  Because of the length of the lens, I use a slightly different test chart from my typical one.  It is smaller to allow me to continue to frame it in my basement testing space.  Here’s a look at the whole chart that we will be looking at crops from.

All of these tests have been done with the Canon EOS R5 (45MP), a very solid tripod (Robus RC8860), and using a 2 second delay to eliminate any vibration.  Here’s a look at nearly 200% crops from the center, mid-frame, and bottom right corner (100mm, F5.6):

We can see a much more uneven sharpness profile than the premium L lens.  Center sharpness and contrast is excellent, but we can see it fall off into the midframe and in a pronounced way in the corners.  Stopping down to F8 makes for a significant improvement in the midframe (to very good levels):

The corners are improved, but not exceptional.  We find the best corner performance at F11.  But it in this metric that the L-series lens really demonstrates its superiority.  It is vastly sharper at F4.5 in the corners than the 100-400 IS can deliver even at F11:

It’s sharper in the center, too, though the margin is slightly closer there.  The old adage, “You get what you pay for…” comes to mind.  I found real world images fairly decent, but I also largely treated the lens as an F8 lens (and shot most wider shots at F8, like this one):

That’s good, but not exceptional, obviously.  One of Canon’s lower resolution sensors would be a little more forgiving at pixel level than what you see here, though I will point out that the overall image looks nice.  Perhaps this is a lens better suited to those who aren’t “pixel-peepers”.

Minimum aperture is very small with this lens.  At 100mm it is F32 but as small as F45 by 400mm.  I would avoid anything beyond F16 at all costs (particularly on a high resolution body like the R5), as diffraction causes a tremendous amount of image softness.  Look at maximum aperture (F4.5) vs minimum aperture (F32):

Ouch!  This isn’t actually the lens’ fault; you can blame this one on physics!

The next marked spot on the zoom dial is 135mm, where maximum aperture has already closed to F6.3.  Center performance is essentially the same, as are corners, but there is a slight improvement in the midframe.  Nothing too exciting to report here.

Moving on to 200mm we find a maximum aperture of F7.1, but I would recommend shooting at F8.  It’s only one-third stop darker, but the optical performance is significantly improved, with better detail and much improved contrast across the frame:

Real world results at F7.1 show that reduced contrast and the “blooming” effect on edge transitions:

As I’ve said, you’re best served just treating this lens as a 100-400mm F8 lens.  This landscape shot at F8 looks much more compelling.

By 300mm our maximum aperture is F8, and, other than the corners, performance is fairly good across the frame at F8.    There is still performance to be gained by stopping down to F11, though.

Detail in shot of wild turkeys at F8 is quite good (those are some strange looking birds!):

Moving on to 400mm I see a fairly similar performance to 300mm, with good performance in the center, fairly good mid-frames, and softer corners.  The most obvious advantage in stopping down is found in the mid-frame, which sharpens up very nicely at F11.

There’s some debate over how important corner performance is at a long focal length like this, though you’d rather have it than not, obviously.  Composing slightly off-center at F8 produces fairly sharp results, though as always you can see that the contrast isn’t exceptional.

Here’s another shot that I feel has held up well at 400mm, F8.  I’m happy with this result:

One factor that can be disconcerting with long lenses is that they can be strongly impacted by thermal pockets in a way that wider focal lengths aren’t.  This will be particularly true when shooting over water, hot pavement, or other environments factors that cause temperature variations or where heat rises.  One way to easily pick up on this is that textures will almost have the appearance of painted brush strokes – you can see the distortion of the thermal waves.  This shot, for example:

This is typically most likely to occur with a distant subject.  It’s not an optical flaw of the lens; it’s the reality of physics.  You can avoid this by avoiding those thermal variations.

The bokeh from the RF 100-400 IS is a mixed bag.  Any long focal length like this has the ability to really compress backgrounds and deliver a strongly defocused background when you are close to your subject, and that’s particularly true of a lens with such a close minimum focus distance.  Get close to your subject, and you will have a beautiful looking out of focus area:

This scene was a little more complicated, with more textures remaining in focus due to the F8 aperture.

It still looks fairly good, but busier.

But when your ratio of distance to subject to background isn’t as favorable, however, things aren’t nearly as pleasing.  I see a lot of “nervousness” in the textures of this shot.

You can see it in this shot, too, where the out of focus area feels fairly busy.  

There are moments that you are reminded that this is a budget telephoto, and the bokeh rendering in some situations is certainly one of them.  Your best bet for bokeh is to get close enough where the background is obliterated, as happened with this shot I took on my Sony 35mm F1.4 GM:

I didn’t shoot into the sun much, but from what I did see flare was handled fairly well.  You probably still will want to invest in a lens hood to help cope with bright light, though.

 

In short, the performance of the RF 100-400 IS is roughly what you would expect from, say, a Canon 70-300mm (non L) lens.  Fairly good when put in situations where it can thrive, but not top tier when placed in more challenging ones.  If you would like to see more images, check out my image gallery here.

Conclusion

I loved the performance of the RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L IS USM, but its exorbitant price ($2900 USD!!!) will either scare potential buyers off or make them hold their noses and try to quickly forget what they paid for their shiny new toy.  The Canon RF 100-400mm F5.6-8 IS USM is a much more affordable ($650 USD) proposition, and, as such, I suspect there will be a healthy market of those who are willing to accept its limitations.  Most photographers simply can’t afford to drop nearly $3000 on a new lens, so it doesn’t matter how good its performance might be.  The performance of the RF 100-400 IS is more pedestrian, but, at its best, it can produce lovely images.

A lens with such a small maximum aperture is going to have situations that it struggles in, and I was often surprised by how low my shutter speed was in certain familiar situations because I am so used to have more aperture to work with.  But the tradeoff is a truly portable lens that brings this incredible focal range into the kind of size and weight combination that many more photographers can cope with.  That makes it a compelling lens for, say, landscape photographers who have figured out that telephoto landscapes are often very compelling.

It will also work fine for those that shoot action, birds, or wildlife in reasonably good light.  The autofocus is quick and quiet, and I had no problem locking onto subjects.  Just be realistic about the kinds of lighting situations that you’ll be able to get enough shutter speed to stop action, and you’ll be fine.  I can see this lens being a “bridge” lens for many – the telephoto option they can afford now while they save (or hope) for a more premium option in the future.  For the money, this is a solid lens.  It definitely has its limitations, but it pulls off this challenging focal range in a pretty convincing faction…and that small size might mean that even those with deeper pockets might pick one up just for the sake of its portability.  This is a solid move for Canon, and the RF 100-400 IS is a lens I suspect will sell very well for them.  The only potential fly in the ointment?  If (when) Sigma and Tamron arrive on the RF scene, they will almost certainly bring 100-400 options with far fewer compromises.  Until that day, though, the RF 100-400 IS is the only reasonably priced game in town.

Pros:

  • Lowest priced 100-400mm lens I’ve ever tested
  • Wonderfully compact
  • Excellent autofocus – quick and quiet
  • Lens handles nicely in the field
  • Good center sharpness over most of the zoom range
  • Good control of aberrations
  • Class leading magnification
  • Compatibility with extenders
  • Low vignette

Cons:

  • Very slow maximum aperture
  • No weather sealing or lens hood included
  • Corner performance fairly weak
  • Bokeh can get busy
  • IS system delivers inconsistent results

 

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Keywords: Canon RF 100-400mm, Canon RF 100-400, 100-500, 100-400 IS, RF, 100-500L, L, IS, Canon RF 100-400mm F5.6-8 Is USM, USM, Canon RF 100-400 Review Canon EOS R5, EOS, R5, EOS R5, EOS R6, mirrorless, full frame, EOS R5 Review, Canon R5 Review, Canon 100-500 Review, Dustin Abbott, Real World, Comparison, Handling, Tracking, Focus, Burst Rate, Tracking, Sports, Portraits, Resolution, High ISO, Image Quality, Sample Images, Real World, Macro, 45Mp, Canon, Letthelightin

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Canon RF 100-400mm F5.6-8 IS USM Image Gallery

Dustin Abbott

April 10th, 2022

I recently finished up my review of the L (luxury) series Canon RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L IS – a lens that is thoroughly premium in both performance and price (retailing for about $2900 USD!).  That price point is a prohibitively high bar for many photographers, however.  Fortunately Canon has already created a much less expensive alternative in the form of the Canon RF 100-400mm F5.6-8 IS USM.  This lens retails at a much more palatable $650 USD, and while it is short on features relative to its big brother and has some real limitations, it is surprisingly competent alternative with a few advantages of its own.  The RF 100-400mm IS is compact, has good autofocus, and has fairly good image quality while covering a very important telephoto zoom range that spans from 100mm:

to an impressive 400mm:

There’s a lot of subjects you can fit into a focal range like that, and the weight of only 635g means that you will be able to bring along the lens on your treks even if you aren’t a photography Hercules.

There are some unique strengths of the RF 100-400 IS even relative to its much more expensive big brother.  These include:

  • Much lower price
  • Much smaller and lighter (700g lighter!)
  • Higher magnification level (0.41x vs 0.33x)
  • Fuller compatibility with 1.4x/2x extenders
  • Slightly higher stabilization rating (5.5 stops vs 5 stops)

That’s not to say that the L-series is outclassed in some way, as it has a long list of its own strengths, including:

  • Bigger zoom ratio (5x vs 4x)
  • Faster maximum aperture throughout zoom range
  • Weather sealing and pro grade build
  • Dual Nano-USM motors vs 1 Nano-USM
  • More stabilizer modes
  • Focus limiter
  • Tripod collar
  • Friction ring 
  • Included lens hood and case
  • Much stronger image quality

I don’t think that anyone is going to argue that the consumer grade lens is a better lens than the professional lens, but I do think that those who have a tight budget can be reassured that they are actually getting a very nice lens even if you could buy 4!!! of the RF 100-400 IS lenses and still pocket $300 for the price of the L-series lens!  And as a consolation, you can still get images like this!

Our goal here is to give a comprehensive review of the strengths and weaknesses of this lens, but I think that it is important to acknowledge that this the kind of lens of that Canon has desperately needed – less expensive alternatives to their premium offerings.  There have been more Canon RF lenses costing more than $2000 than those in the under $1000 range.  Lenses like the RF 100-400 IS help to fill out the catalog with lenses that average photographers can actually afford…and that’s important.  You can find my full thoughts in either the text review or video review.

 

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Thanks to Camera Canada for getting me a loaner of the RF 100-400 IS.  If you’re in Canada, check them out for a reliable online retailer. *The tests and the photos shown in this review have been taken on my 45 MP Canon EOS R5.

Photos of the Canon RF 100-400mm F5.6-8 IS

Photos Taken with the Canon RF 100-400mm F5.6-8 IS

 

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Keywords: Canon RF 100-400mm, Canon RF 100-400, 100-500, 100-400 IS, RF, 100-500L, L, IS, Canon RF 100-400mm F5.6-8 Is USM, USM, Canon RF 100-400 Review Canon EOS R5, EOS, R5, EOS R5, EOS R6, mirrorless, full frame, EOS R5 Review, Canon R5 Review, Canon 100-500 Review, Dustin Abbott, Real World, Comparison, Handling, Tracking, Focus, Burst Rate, Tracking, Sports, Portraits, Resolution, High ISO, Image Quality, Sample Images, Real World, Macro, 45Mp, Canon, Letthelightin

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Canon RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L IS USM Review

Dustin Abbott

March 22nd, 2022

When the Canon EF 100-400mm F4.5-5.6L IS II released in the beginning of 2015 it effectively ended the question of what the best telephoto zoom in or around this focal length was.  The 100-400L II was a clearly superior lens, with a fabulous build, some new innovative design elements, great autofocus, and amazing image quality.  It released at a time when my own photography budget was much smaller, but I still found a way to buy one after reviewing it because it was so good.  It has remained in my personal kit since that point even though I sold my last DSLR a few years back.   I only own mirrorless camera bodies at this point but have kept the lens because it is excellent and adapts seamlessly to Canon’s mirrorless bodies like my Canon EOS R5.  I’ve been wanting to get my hands on Canon’s new RF equivalent – the Canon RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L IS – for a long time, but here in Canada supply chain shortages have made loaners (and retail copies!) few and far between.  The RF 100-500L (as we’ll refer to it for brevity in this review) ups the ante in terms of zoom range (an additional 100mm) but at a physical cost ($2900 USD – $500 more than the EF lens) along with a maximum aperture cost (more on that in a moment).

Canon has managed to squeeze out a longer ratio (5x zoom) while reducing the weight of the lens (1365 vs 1650g), making this a truly manageable lens in terms of weight for a focal range like this.  It’s unusual to get this degree of reach from such a (relatively) compact package, but Canon has accomplished this in part by allowing the lens to drift to a smaller maximum aperture than we saw on any Canon lens prior to the mirrorless era.  All Canon lenses in the EF mount were constrained to a maximum aperture of F5.6 for the simple reason that this was the smallest maximum aperture that many camera could focus effectively at.  There were a few cameras towards the end of the era that could focus at smaller maximum apertures, but Canon had to maintain compatibility with their whole camera lineup.  The switch to mirrorless has unshackled Canon, though, as mirrorless cameras can autofocus with much smaller maximum apertures and they no longer had the need to ensure compatibility with legacy cameras.  We quickly saw lenses with a maximum aperture of F6.3, and then F7.1, and even the quirky 600mm and 800m F11 primes.  I will say that it seems very strange to type L after F7.1 (F7.1L); it feels a little sacrilegious.  The image quality from the lens assures me that this is a genuine L series performer, however.

Let’s get the bad new out of the way:  the new RF isn’t as “light efficient” as the older EF lens.  It doesn’t hold the brighter apertures as long with one minor exception.  The new RF lens does hold F4.5 a little longer (151mm vs 135mm) but doesn’t hold F5 or F5.6 nearly as long (the new lens is at F6.3 by 363mm, whereas the older lens was obviously at F5.6 until the end of the zoom range.  The RF 100-500L doesn’t hit F7.1 until the last little bit (472-500mm).  This handy chart from Cameralabs.com illustrates it well:

While the slower aperture is a bit disappointing, there is an alternate way to frame this.  The EF lens required a 1.4x teleconverter to hit 560mm, whereas the RF 100-500L will hit 500mm with the bare lens.  Adding the 1.4x to the F5.6 lens creates a maximum aperture of F8, so in a sense you gain 1/3 stop of light at 500mm.  Nonetheless, this is is going to be a lens that works best with adequate light, though fortunately cameras and focus systems have gotten much better at dealing with lower light situations.  I saw good autofocus with still subjects even in very dim lighting.

This is an expensive lens, obviously, but it is also a very high performing lens that utilizes a dual Nano USM focus system to give even better autofocus results along with outstanding optical performance.  It isn’t a lens that will fit everyone’s budget, but it may just be the lens that should be added to your wish list.  To help you determine if this is a lens for you, check out either my long format definitive  or quick video review below…or just keep reading.

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Thanks to Camera Canada for getting me a loaner of the RF 100-500L.  If you’re in Canada, check them out for a reliable online retailer. *The tests and the photos shown in this review have been taken on my 45 MP Canon EOS R5.

Canon RF 100-500L Build and Handling

Those familiar with Canon L series telephotos will find the Canon RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1 IS instantly familiar.  It has the familiar build materials, white(ish) finish, and a basic arrangement of controls and features much like the EF 100-400L II, though with some updates to the fine details that make for a better looking, more modern lens.  As noted, the RF 100-500L is slightly lighter relative to the EF lens (1365g/3lb vs 1640g/3.61lb).  That’s obviously going to be very welcome when you also get the longer focal range relative to the EF lens.  That weight, while not light, is very moderate for a long telephoto and makes for a lens that is relatively portable. 

It has grown a bit in length relative to the EF lens (207.6mm vs 193mm), though the diameter of 94mm is the same across both lenses, giving you a very common 77mm front filter thread.  The lens hood is a little deeper on the EF lens, though, so the difference in length with the hoods attached (above) is less than with them attached (below):

The 100-500L comes with both a zippered, padded storage case along with a quality lens hood, which, as you can see above, has a very welcome matching finish.  The older EF lens had a black hood that always looked like it was borrowed from another lens!  The hood does reverse for storage, has a locking mechanism, and also features the sliding window in the lens hood to allow access to filters.  I found this feature clever when I reviewed the 100-400L II (where it debuted), but have soured on it since. It seems to always be open (which defeats some of the purpose of the lens hood itself) and the hood is wide enough that you could rotate a filter fine without the window. 

One change relative to the EF lens is the tripod collar design, which, rather than having a removable foot (like the EF version), the entire tripod collar is removable in the traditional style.  I do like being able to completely remove the tripod collar as the lens is light enough for handheld work, though if you carrying the lens on a strap you may find it balances better if you attach one end to the tripod foot.  There are no strap attachment points on the collar, unfortunately, so you would have to attach via a third party attachment to the tripod foot plate (I use Peak Design’s Capture plates).  There are two disappointments on the tripod collar/foot design, however. The first disappointment that is a regular one for Canon lenses is that the tripod foot is not Arca-compatible.  You will have to use a quick release plate or something similar if you are going to put the lens on a tripod.  The second disappointment is that there are no detents on the tripod collar when rotating it.  These help you align properly at the primary points of the compass, so you’ll have to rely on visually aligning the markings on the collar with one on the lens barrel.

Canon has designed the lens with the RF control ring very close to the lens mount.  This allows space beyond for the tripod collar.  The Control Ring has the familiar diamond pattern texture and can be assigned a variety of functions from within the camera.  I typically use it for aperture control.  It does have detents/clicks, though it can be “declicked” for a cost through Canon. 

There are three other rings on the lens, with the next closest to the mount being the manual focus ring.  Like most autofocus mirrorless lenses, the manual focus is “focus-by-wire” where input on the focus ring is actually routed through the autofocus motor to move the focus group.  This means manual focus is actually an emulation of mechanical manual focus, and the performance is fairly typical for Canon RF lenses.  Focus is smooth, but resistance is very light, so you have to be careful at the final fine-tuning stage to not go past your intended target.  Canon’s Focus Guide is available, and it works well for helping achieve proper focus. 

The next ring is the tension ring that debuted on the EF 100-400L II lens.  It is designed to combat zoom creep and hold the desired focal length.  The advantage of the tension ring is that you can set it at any focal length.  You can use it in a secondary fashion to set your desired amount of friction while zooming.  I have found that the “tight” setting doesn’t lock down as tightly as my 100-400L II; you can still move the zoom ring without heavy resistance.  There’s less variability in the zoom friction in general relative to the older lens, but it does have enough friction to eliminate lens creep.

The widest ring here is the zoom ring, which is located near the front of the lens.  The ring is finish in a rubberized surface and moves smoothly (depending on friction setting, obviously).  There is roughly 130 degrees of rotation between 100mm and 500mm and the inner barrel of the lens extends about 90mm at the 500mm position. 

In between the manual focus and tension rings is a bank of switches.  The top one is a two-position focus limiter, with the option of the full range or 3 meters to infinity (essentially eliminating the close focus possibilities).  You can use the latter position if you don’t need close focus options and want to eliminate the possibility of focus racking if you don’t initially acquire focus.  I do find this happens less often on the superior focus systems of modern cameras.  The second switch is a basic AF/MF switch (always welcome), followed by an ON/OFF for the IS (Image Stabilizer).  The fourth switch allows you to choose an IS mode.  There are three options, including 1 (standard), 2 (panning), and 3 (dynamic, which only activates at capture and allows you more freedom for tracing erratic action).  The IS is rated at 5 stops, though if you have a camera equipped with IBIS (like my EOS R5), the rating climbs to 6 stops. 

IS is hugely beneficial in a lens like this, and the system works well overall, though 500mm is a very long focal length to stabilize.  I still saw a little movement in the viewfinder even with both lens IS and body IS (IBIS), but I was able to get both fairly low shutter speeds for photos (with still subjects) along detecting a massive difference for video when IS was enabled.  This shot was taken handheld at 500mm and with a shutter speed of 1/40th of a second.

That’s about 4 stops of assistance, but it is possible to push it a bit further, though getting stable images at 1/8th of a second at 500mm (six stops of stability) seems unlikely to me unless you happen to have supernaturally steady hands.

It is possible to get fairly stable video even at 500mm, though I could easily see the rise and fall of my breathing (small movements are exaggerated at that focal length).

There are nine rounded aperture blades inside that will help keep a circular shape to the aperture as you stop down a bit.

The 100-500L receives Canon’s higher grade of build as a “L” series lens.  This includes a tough, durable body and thorough weather sealing throughout the lens.  I count 15+ seal points according to this diagram, and there is also a fluorine coating on the front and rear elements to further help the lens be resistant to the elements. 

This is a serious lens built to serious standards.

The lens is (somewhat) compatible with Canon’s RF 1.4x and 2x extenders (tele-converters).  I say somewhat because it is only compatible from about 300mm on where enough space is created in the rear of the lens for the extender to mount:

As the lens retracts beyond 300mm the rear elements move into that space and occupy it, leaving no room physically for the extender to be attached:

You cannot fully retract the lens with the extender in place (there isn’t room for it to be retracted), so that also means that you won’t be able to access the 100-300mm range with the extender attached.  So, with the 1.4x extender attached you have a 420-700mm F8-F10 lens, and if you attach the 2x extender you have a 600-1000mm F11-F14 lens.  I didn’t have either extender on hand, but Bryan Carnathan reports good results with the 1.4x attached and fairly good results with the 2x extender.  I tend to view 1.4x extenders as the limit with most lenses (moving to the 2x often involves too many compromises), but there are probably applications for the 2x extender.  Obviously you are going to need good light for either combination, but particularly for the 2x extender.  Storing the lens in its retracted position will obviously require the extender to be removed first.  This is one disadvantage relative to the EF 100-400L II lens, which is fully compatible with the MK III EF extenders.

All told, this is a feature rich, well built telephoto zoom lens that is a professional grade lens despite its slower aperture rating.  It builds on the foundation of the excellent Canon EF 100-400mm F4.5-5.6L IS II in several areas, though there are a few areas of minor disadvantage relative to that lens.  As has become the norm, however, we have a fairly significant price increase with the new RF lens.  It retails for $2900 USD, a price increase of $600 over the EF version, but that’s only because Canon has increased the price of the EF version from $2200 to $2400.  The price increase from retail launch to retail launch is thus actually $700, which is a significant premium.  There’s a pretty big psychological gap between a lens that retails for slightly over $2000 to a lens that retails for nearly $3000, and I suspect that this will result in a number of people who hang onto their EF lens and use it adapted (it works very well adapted) if they perceive that the cost of making the switch is too high.

Canon RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L IS Autofocus

The Canon RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L IS employs dual Nano-USM focus motors to help achieve fast, quiet autofocus.  This is incredibly important in a lens designed for telephoto use, as many of the subjects that people want to use such a lens for (birds, for example) are fast moving. 

If you are new to the genre, there are a few tips worthy of consideration.  The first and most important will be shutter speed.  If you are tracking birds, for example, you’ll want to keep that shutter speed up near 1/500th second or faster.  Going underneath that threshold will result in motion blur in some shots.  That will often mean moving up to higher ISO values to achieve that.  You’ll probably also want to set Eye AF to animal priority, though I do find Canon more forgiving than Sony in this regard.  Sony is fairly rigid, and I’ve had a few videos where I mistakenly left Eye AF in Animal mode and had a video with the wrong focus for the whole segment even though I was the obviously primary subject in the frame.

The RF 100-500L proved a very capable lens for tracking birds in flight and staying focused during erratic movement.  I had more trouble keeping birds and animals properly framed (moving with them) than I did keeping things in focus during sustained 20 FPS bursts on my Canon EOS R5.   

I also had no problem when using the lens for portraits (a secondary purpose of a lens like this, but still a fine application).  Eye AF worked best with the subject occupying more of the frame, but I was able to achieve good results even when my portrait subject was strongly backlit by the rising sun over the Atlantic Ocean.

When the subject is smaller in the frame like this, you might be likely to get face or body detection rather than eye detection, but what matters most is that the subject is properly in focus.

Focus speed was generally excellent, though I did see some delay when going from very close focus to a medium or distant subject.  More minor focus changes were essentially instantaneous.  I also had no problem acquiring subjects on the fly when they caught my eye and I needed to focus quickly.

I heard little focus noise during standard use, and I didn’t feel there is enough noise to be picked up by the on board mics in video applications.

Nano USM is my favorite of Canon’s focus technologies, and the dual application was the right choice here.  It allows the lens to be competitive in terms of focus speed and noise.  The disadvantage here is the smaller aperture of the lens, so expect some focus speed slowdown in poorer light.  The improved autofocus systems in the modern mirrorless cameras will help with this, though, so the lens will remain usable in more situations than we would have expected in the past.  It is important to keep your expectations realistic, however:  this lens isn’t going to focus like the RF 400mm F2.8L IS at dusk; there’s a reason why pros will pay $12,000 for a lens like that!

Canon RF 100-500L Image Quality

The EF 100-400L II set the bar very high with a truly outstanding optical performance that I’ve really not seen bested by subsequent 100-400(ish) lenses that I have tested.  That high bar creates some challenges for Canon, as they are expanding the zoom range and ratio (5x vs 4x zoom).  By that standard, however, I’m very impressed by the optical performance from the lens.  I found a comparison of the MTF charts from the internet, and I feel like it pretty fairly represents what I’ve seen in my own personal comparison tests.

If you don’t “read MTF”, these charts suggest the RF 100-500L performs at a similar level to the EF lens while adding that additional important 100mm of reach.  What I found is a lens that delivers an incredibly consistent performance at every tested focal length with no real drop-off at a certain focal length.  I also found that the lens had a nicely even performance across the frame with only a minor fade towards the corner and that there was little improvement to be had by stopping the lens down.  This is a lens that delivers most of its performance at its maximum apertures, which is helpful in a lens that doesn’t excel in having large maximum aperture values.  Here’s a shot at 500mm, F7.1:

So let’s break it down.  You can get an even deeper dive by watching the image quality section of the Definitive video review.  

First, a look at vignette and distortion.  Neither is a significant problem.  Here’s 100mm:

There is negligible amount of barrel distortion (+1 to correct) and about 2 stops of vignette in the corners (+50 to correct).  This is actually one of the best RF performances I’ve seen for vignette.  Things are better still at 500mm in the vignette department.

There’s a mild amount of pincushion distortion (+3), but the vignette is down to just a little over a stop (+33 to correct) and is very linear in nature.  The Canon correction profiles clear everything up nicely, though there’s a good chance you wouldn’t see any of these defects in most real world images even without correction.  All good to start!

I was likewise happy with what I saw for chromatic aberration control.  I didn’t spot issues with Lateral Chromatic aberrations (these typically show up along the edges of the frame regardless of aperture), and you can see from this deep crop from my test chart that the transitions from black to white near the edge of the frame are clean and without color fringing:

Likewise Longitudinal Chromatic Aberrations (depth of field fringing that shows up before and after the plane of focus) were also well controlled.  In this deep crop from an action shot at the beach you can see the strong backlighting of the gull (in focus) along with foam and water droplets suspended in the air.  All of these are very neutral with no signs of fringing.

All good!

So how about resolution and contrast?  Because of the length of the lens, I use a slightly different test chart from my typical one.  It is smaller to allow me to continue to frame it in my basement testing space.  Here’s a look at the whole chart that we will be looking at crops from.

All of these tests have been done with the Canon EOS R5 (45MP), a very solid tripod (Robus RC8860), and using a 2 second delay to eliminate any vibration.  Here’s a look at nearly 200% crops from the center, mid-frame, and bottom right corner (100mm, F4.5):

You can see a consistently excellent performance all across the frame.  How does this compare to the 100-400L II?  A few general observations based on looking at many more samples than I’ll show in the review:

  1. The EF lens delivers a slightly brighter image throughout the range even with equal settings
  2. The RF lens delivers slightly higher levels of contrast at some settings
  3. The EF lens tends to be more competitive in the center, while the RF is sometimes sharper in the corner

You can see a few of the things I mention by looking at these comparisons from the center, mid-frame, and bottom right corner:

Not a big difference between the two, obviously.

As a general rule I noticed very little difference between the wide open performance from the lens and when it was stopped down.  In some cases there is a very slight uptick in contrast, but you largely get maximum performance wide open.  Here’s a look at F4.5 vs F8:

Not much difference at all.  The biggest difference is that better contrast makes for a slightly brighter looking image. That one sample is pretty representative of what I saw throughout my tests.

Minimum aperture is very small with this lens.  At 100mm it is F32 but as small as F51 by 500mm.  I would avoid anything beyond F16 at all costs (particularly on a high resolution body like the R5), as diffraction causes a tremendous amount of image softness.  Look at maximum aperture (F4.5) vs minimum aperture (F32):

Ouch!  This isn’t actually the lens’ fault; you can blame this one on physics!

Moving on to 200mm we see a similar performance with strong resolution and contrast across the frame.  Maximum aperture is now F5:

A similar story awaits at 300mm, where maximum aperture is now F5.6:  

Checking back in with the 100-400L II finds the EF lens enjoying its biggest advantage.  It has a bright maximum aperture (F5 vs F5.6) and delivers a slightly better performance across the frame, as shown by this corner crop:

It’s not significant, but it does exist.

Moving on to 400mm we continue to see the incredibly consistent performance from the lens.  I want to highlight this, as in my experience it is rare for a zoom lens to deliver such a consistent performance across the zoom range.  Usually there is a dip somewhere, if not at the extremes (like the telephoto end) then at least somewhere in the middle of the range.  That is absolutely NOT the case with the RF 100-500L.  I’ll also highlight that the copy I tested was very well centered, delivering equivalent results on both sides of the frame.  I’ve taken my corner crop from the upper left corner to illustrate this for you.  This is 400mm, F6.3 (now the maximum aperture):

At 500mm I noticed a few interesting things.  First of all, we see that continued consistency in a strong performance all across the image frame.  Canon’s engineers were able to gain that crucial extra 100mm of reach without compromising image quality, which is a big deal!

Maximum aperture is now F7.1, which is disappointing, but the performance is not.  Ironically, though, this is actually the place where the RF wins the aperture battle.  To get to 500mm on the EF lens, I had to use a 1.4x extender (Canon Extender 1.4x III), which means that my maximum aperture was F8.  There wasn’t a significant difference in performance between the two lenses, though I felt the RF lens had the slightest advantage in resolution and contrast.

What really jumped out to me, though, was the framing.  You might have noticed that the EF lens combo registered 504mm, so, in theory, I should have had to be slightly further away from the target to achieve the same framing.  I wasn’t.  I was closer.  In fact, I was closer with the EF lens at its maximum length with the extender of 560mm than I was with the RF lens at 500mm.  Why?  

Focus breathing.  Not the video kind, but the kind that relates to photography where lenses sometimes only achieve their true rated focal length at further distances.  If we were to move outside and choose a target 20+ meters away, the 100-400L + 1.4x extender (560mm) would allow for closer/tighter framing than the RF’s 500mm, but at closer distances, the EF lens obviously focus breathes significantly more than the newer RF lens.  I’ve long noted that about the EF lens, but it is nice to see that Canon has improved on this flaw and that you can expect to get the full focal length at most all focus distances.

Case in point would be this portrait, where at 500mm, F7.1, you can see that I got amazing compression of the background (Atlantic Ocean) along with beautiful detail on my subject’s face.

You’ll note from the crop that the focus is excellent, and even at that distance the depth of field is quite small (the front edge of her hair is clearly out of focus).

I could also then zoom out to 100mm and get a completely different kind of portrait that has much more context in it but has similarly excellent focus and detail:

A lens like this can also make for a very interesting landscape lens, as it delivers great detail and no real optical flaws.

Zooming in compresses scenes and does very interesting things with the rising or setting sun.

This also works to draw distant objects closer.  The giant Ferris wheel you can see in the distance looks like it is fairly close to the pier in the foreground, but they are actually more than 10 kilometers apart (and this is only at 324mm):

At 500mm the two points would seem closer still.  This illustrates how you can create visually interesting landscape shots by bringing different aspects closer together in a shot.  As an aside, it is also used sometimes by advertisers to make a property seem closer to the ocean or some other attraction than it actually is.

Flare resistance was fairly good, with direct shots into the sun showing little ill effect.  I did manage to get some loss of contrast in a few shots where the sun was perhaps in the corner or a certain position where some flare occurred.

The effect in my images was more artistic than destructive, however, as there weren’t big noticeable blobs of false color that marred the image.

One area where I think the RF 100-500L is slightly behind the EF lens is when it comes to bokeh.  I didn’t feel like the quality of the out of focus areas were quite as smooth and suffered from a bit more outlining.  In this shot, for example, the subjects are nice and crisp, but the out of focus trees beyond have more outlining than what I would like.

In this shot of seabirds you can see that the ocean beyond isn’t particularly “creamy”.

I’ve owned the 100-400L II since 2016 (six years), so I have a pretty strong sense of its rendering.  I felt like it was less prone to outlining, so I set up a test with various complications in the background.  While the difference between the two lenses isn’t radically different on a global level, you can see on the pixel level that there is less outlining on the 100-400L II and the bokeh is a little smoother/creamier.

Of course, you may be looking at the same thing and saying, “What are you talking about?”  Bokeh is subjective, and suffice it to say that there isn’t a radical difference between the two lenses.  The RF 100-500L is capable of producing lovely images with beautiful bokeh.

There really isn’t any optical weakness for me to criticize.  This is a very consistent (and consistently strong) lens.  If you would like to see more images, check out my image gallery here.

Conclusion

If Canon had priced the RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L IS USM somewhere near $2500, I think that most people would consider it a great value.  It certainly builds on the very strong foundation of the EF 100-400L II while offering some real improvements.  Most notable is the additional 100mm of zoom range.  The fact that the RF 100-500L reaches 500mm makes it a bit of a unicorn, somewhere between the 100-400mm and 150-600mm lens range.  That extra 100mm of reach means that more photographers will feel like they can get sufficient reach without resorting to using a teleconverter and allows them to benefit from the smaller, more portable body style of the 100-400mm type lens.

All other aspects of performance are generally excellent.  The build and handling is good, the autofocus is excellent, and, as noted, there aren’t really any flaws in the optical performance.  My chief criticisms center on the surprisingly small maximum aperture on the telephoto end and the only partial compatibility with extenders (from 300-500mm only).  I suspect both of these flaws are probably the sacrifices that were made at the altar of keeping the lens compact.  But the price point of about $2900 is going to be the primary gatekeeper.  It is high enough to make for a different psychological threshold for those looking to purchase, and is likely to keep a lot of owners of the EF 100-400L II holding onto their lens because of concerns over the price of upgrading.  While the retail difference in price is currently $500 USD, the actual cost of upgrading after selling the 100-400L II are more likely to approach $1000+.

Things are a little rosier if you are a new buyer, however, as the extra 100mm you gain in reach would take purchasing a 1.4x extender to use with the EF lens, and that extra $500 closes the retail gap.  Canon’s pricing still feels steep here, though.  The Sony FE 200-600mm F5-6.3 G OSS lens provides similar levels of performance while costing nearly $1000 less.  If you are a Canon RF user, however, it is probably wisest to stop thinking about the price as soon as possible and instead enjoy the excellent performance of the Canon RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L IS.  It is an excellent lens that continues Canon’s legacy of being a top manufacturer of telephoto lenses.

Pros:

  • Increase of 100mm
  • 5x zoom range vs 4x zoom range (EF 100-400)
  • Lighter weight (1365g vs 1640)
  • Addition of control ring
  • Matching lens hood
  • Slightly better handling
  • Improved autofocus (dual Nano-USM vs USM)
  • Great tracking capabilities
  • Slightly higher magnification (0.33x vs 0.31x)
  • Fully removable tripod collar
  • High performing lens optically throughout the zoom range
  • Very consistent performance at different focal lengths and across the frame
  • Excellent control of aberrations
  • Also works as a nice portrait lens
  • Reduced focus breathing

Cons:

  • Increased price ($2900 USD vs $2400/2200)
  • Slower maximum aperture
  • Not fully compatible with extenders
  • Image quality not significantly improved over the 100-400L II

 

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Keywords: Canon RF 100-500mm, Canon RF 100-500L, 70-200, 70-200mm, RF, 100-500L, L, IS, Canon RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L Is USM, USM, Canon EOS R5, EOS, R5, EOS R5, EOS R6, mirrorless, full frame, EOS R5 Review, Canon R5 Review, Canon 100-500 Review, Dustin Abbott, Real World, Comparison, Handling, Tracking, Focus, Burst Rate, Tracking, Sports, Portraits, Resolution, High ISO, Image Quality, Myrtle Beach, Sample Images, Real World, Macro, 45Mp, Canon, Letthelightin

DISCLAIMER: This article and description contains affiliate links, which means that if you click on one of the product links, I’ll receive a small commission. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.

Canon RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L IS Image Gallery

Dustin Abbott

March 22nd, 2022

When the Canon EF 100-400mm F4.5-5.6L IS II released in the beginning of 2015 it effectively ended the question of what the best telephoto zoom in or around this focal length was.  The 100-400L II was a clearly superior lens, with a fabulous build, some new innovative design elements, great autofocus, and amazing image quality.  It released at a time when my own photography budget was much smaller, but I still found a way to buy one after reviewing it because it was so good.  It has remained in my personal kit since that point even though I sold my last DSLR a few years back.   I only own mirrorless camera bodies at this point but have kept the lens because it is excellent and adapts seamlessly to Canon’s mirrorless bodies like my Canon EOS R5.  I’ve been wanting to get my hands on Canon’s new RF equivalent – the Canon RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L IS – for a long time, but here in Canada supply chain shortages have made loaners (and retail copies!) few and far between.  The RF 100-500mm ups the ante in terms of zoom range (an additional 100mm) but at a physical cost ($2900 USD – $500 more than the EF lens) along with a maximum aperture cost (more on that in a moment).

Canon has managed to squeeze out a longer ratio (5x zoom) while reducing the weight of the lens (1365 vs 1650g), making this a truly manageable lens in terms of weight for a focal range like this.  It’s unusual to get this degree of reach from such a (relatively) compact package, but Canon has accomplished this in part by allowing the lens to drift to a smaller maximum aperture than we saw on any Canon lens prior to the mirrorless era.  All Canon lenses in the EF mount were constrained to a maximum aperture of F5.6 for the simple reason that this was the smallest maximum aperture that many camera could focus effectively at.  There were a few cameras towards the end of the era that could focus at smaller maximum apertures, but Canon had to maintain compatibility with their whole camera lineup.  The switch to mirrorless has unshackled Canon, though, as mirrorless cameras can autofocus with much smaller maximum apertures and they no longer had the need to ensure compatibility with legacy cameras.  We quickly saw lenses with a maximum aperture of F6.3, and then F7.1, and even the quirky 600mm and 800m F11 primes.  I will say that it seems very strange to type L after F7.1 (F7.1L); it feels a little sacrilegious.  The image quality from the lens assures me that this is a genuine L series performer, however.

Let’s get the bad new out of the way:  the new RF isn’t as “light efficient” as the older EF lens.  It doesn’t hold the brighter apertures as long with one minor exception.  The new RF lens does hold F4.5 a little longer (151mm vs 135mm) but doesn’t hold F5 or F5.6 nearly as long (the new lens is at F6.3 by 363mm, whereas the older lens was obviously at F5.6 until the end of the zoom range.  The RF 100-500L doesn’t hit F7.1 until the last little bit (472-500mm).  While the slower aperture is a bit disappointing, there is an alternate way to frame this.  The EF lens required a 1.4x teleconverter to hit 560mm, whereas the RF 100-500L will hit 500mm with the bare lens.  Adding the 1.4x to the F5.6 lens creates a maximum aperture of F8, so in a sense you gain 1/3 stop of light at 500mm.  Nonetheless, this is is going to be a lens that works best with adequate light, though fortunately cameras and focus systems have gotten much better at dealing with lower light situations.  There are limits, obviously, but this is a lens that performed well in the various situations I put it in.

This is an expensive lens, obviously, but it is also a very high performing lens that utilizes a dual Nano USM focus system to give even better autofocus results along with outstanding optical performance.  It isn’t a lens that will fit everyone’s budget, but it may just be the lens that should be added to your wish list.  To help you determine if this is a lens for you, check out my detailed video review or read the text review

 

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Thanks to Camera Canada for getting me a loaner of the RF 100-500L.  If you’re in Canada, check them out for a reliable online retailer. *The tests and the photos shown in this review have been taken on my 45 MP Canon EOS R5.

Photos of the Canon RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L Build and Handling

Photos taken with the Canon RF 100-500mm

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Exposure Software X6 (Use Code “dustinabbott” to get 10% anything and everything)
Visit Dustin’s Amazon Storefront and see his favorite gear

Purchasing your gear through B&H and these links helps fund this website and keeps the articles coming. You can also make a donation here if you would like.  Visit my Amazon page for some of my gear of choice! Thank you for your support.

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Great News! I can now offer a 5% discount on all purchases at Amplis Foto, Canada’s Leading Photographic Supplier. Please enter discount code: AMPLIS52018DA in your cart. It is good for everything in your cart, and is stackable with other coupons, too! It will take 5% off your entire order! Proceeds go towards keeping this site going and providing you with new reviews!

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Keywords: Canon RF 100-500mm, Canon RF 100-500L, 70-200, 70-200mm, RF, 100-500L, L, IS, Canon RF 100-500mm F4.5-7.1L Is USM, USM, Canon EOS R5, EOS, R5, EOS R5, EOS R6, mirrorless, full frame, EOS R5 Review, Canon R5 Review, Canon 100-500 Review, Dustin Abbott, Real World, Comparison, Handling, Tracking, Focus, Burst Rate, Tracking, Sports, Portraits, Resolution, High ISO, Image Quality, Myrtle Beach, Sample Images, Real World, Macro, 45Mp, Canon, Letthelightin

DISCLAIMER: This article and description contains affiliate links, which means that if you click on one of the product links, I’ll receive a small commission. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.